Naval, imperial, stubborn. Defends Britain, India, Africa, sea lanes, and dominions while trying to avoid imperial overstretch.

Isolationist at first; can be courted or provoked. Industrial giant with unmatched long-war potential.

Cold, calculating, opportunistic. Buys time, seeks buffer territory, trusts no one, and becomes ruthless when attacked.

Fragmented but resilient. Fighting Japan since 1937, trades space for time, needs arms, legitimacy, and allies.

Ambitious but militarily overstretched. Dreams of a Mediterranean and African empire, but lacks German or British resources.

Militarist, resource-hungry, already deep in China. Seeks dominance in East Asia and the Pacific, while fearing embargoes and overextension.